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Large
Animals
Articles
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BUFFERS AND ACID/BASE BALANCE IN DAIRY COWS
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Dairy
cows are unique among farm animals in the amount of acid
produced in the digestive tract and found in commonly
consumed feeds. Each time dairy cows approach the feed;
they expose themselves to acid from several sources. This
acid can be present in the feed when consumed, or can be
generated from the feed during digestion. For example,
corn silage ferments during storage, yielding a pH below
4. Its acid content is very high. Therefore, consumption
of silage by the cow causes rumen pH to immediately drop.
Moreover, in addition to the natural acid content of
silage, more acid is produced when nutrients, such as
starch and cellulose in the silage, are broken down into
volatile fatty acid end products.......... |
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ROLE
OF CHELATED TRACE MINERALS IN ANIMAL PRODUCTION |
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Trace
minerals – zinc, copper, manganese, selenium, cobalt,
iron, iodine etc. – are essential nutrients for all
animals. They have a wide range of activities and
functions within the body, being involved individually or
collectively in general metabolism, reproduction, the
immune system, growth, development and repair of various
tissues and so on.
But, as
the name suggests, trace minerals are required in very
small amounts in the diet and their uptake from the
digestive tract can be impaired by other dietary
components or the presence of ‘antagonists’. For example,
the availability of copper for absorption is heavily
influenced by molybdenum, sulphur and iron…….
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ROLE OF PROGESTERONE IN ANIMAL
PRODUCTION |
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Progestin is a
substance, which converts the estrogen-primed endometrium to
secretory and maintain pregnancy in animals spayed after
conception.
(Progestin = Favoring pregnancy)
The most common progestin is progesterone, which is the hormone
mainly responsible for nidation and maintenance of pregnancy...... |
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METABOLIC DISEASES OF DAIRY CATTLE |
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Dairy cattle
require minerals in their diet for optimal productivity. These
are derived from the feed and fodder. The input of minerals
through feed and water must balance their output through faeces,
urine and milk to maintain the animal's health. If the output
exceeds input, the animals meet out their normal requirements by
mobilization from its body reserves for a shorter period. But
continuous imbalances develop into productivity related
problems.
Nutritional
imbalances, deficiencies, or erratic management of feeding
programs for dairy cows can create large numbers and various
types of health problems generally categorized as metabolic
diseases. High producing dairy cows are most susceptible to
metabolic diseases during the periparturient period…… |
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ROLE OF
TRACE MINERALS IN ANIMAL PRODUCTION |
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What Do I Need
to Know About Trace Minerals for
Cattle, Horses, Sheep and Goats? |
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The role of trace minerals in animal production is an area of
strong interest for producers, feed manufactures, veterinarians
and scientists. Adequate trace mineral intake and absorption is
required for a variety of metabolic functions including immune
response to pathogenic challenge, reproduction and growth.
Mineral supplementation strategies quickly become complex
because differences in trace mineral status of all livestock and
avian species is critical in order to obtain optimum production
in modern animal production systems....... |
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